There are two energy sources in a car. Battery and generator. Moreover, the generator is the main one, since it is able to charge the battery while driving. In the most extreme, desperate cases, battery energy can be used. According to various estimates, in the most optimistic case, the battery can smooth road drive about 100 km. In this case, the headlights should not be turned on, the heater should not be turned off, and, preferably, the ambient temperature should be low and the speed should be constant so that the radiator fan does not turn on. And the battery will be fully charged. Only in this case all the energy will go into the “spark”.

If the VAZ 2107 engine (injector) is running and there is no battery charge, there may be many reasons.

Let's start with the generator. On a VAZ 2107 (carburetor), there is a generator alternating current(model 372.3701), an AC rectifier is built into the design. This is a synchronous three-phase motor.

The reasons why the battery is not charging can be common, regardless of whether you have a carburetor or an injector. Let's consider the reasons when the generator is to blame, that is, there is no voltage at its terminals. This can happen because the rectifier bridges (diode), the winding and many other reasons have burned out.

The VAZ 2107 (injector) is equipped with a figure-eight generator 5142.3771. Its difference from a conventional generator on a VAZ 2107 is that it produces a higher current, not 55 A, but about 80-90 A per hour, since the injector requires more electricity, it is more modern and has a higher power density. The figure shows a generator producing a rectified current of 80 A at a voltage of 14 V.

Attention! Before claiming that charging has disappeared specifically in the VAZ 2107 generator, check:

• If there is incoming voltage at the generator, this does not yet prove that it is the generator that is damaged and there is no outgoing current. After all, diodes supply current to the excitation winding of the generator. In this case, on dashboard The battery charge lamp will light up.
• It is also worth measuring the voltage in the network with a tester. If it is below 12 V, then most likely there is a short circuit somewhere, and in this case the wiring may heat up intensely.
• You should check the generator belt, or rather, its tension. If it is loosely tensioned, then instead of driving the generator rotor, the belt slides along it itself, since there is no contact.
• The generator charging relay has failed. We need to talk about this separately.

The charging relay on the VAZ 2107 (injector) is located in the same housing with the brush mechanism, and its task is to stabilize the output voltage. Several years ago there were relays that were stamped into printed circuit board, and were located under the instrument panel and were non-separable. In the figure, the relay is indicated by an arrow. In everyday life, due to its characteristic shape, it is called a “tablet”.

Now, with the development of microelectronics, the printed circuit board is successfully replaced by a semiconductor relay. The sizes have become smaller, and there are no problems with installation.

How to check if the charging relay is working?

For this:

• open the hood;
• start the engine;
• Using a voltmeter, we measure the voltage at the battery terminals, which, of course, is the output from the generator. If the voltage is higher than 14.8 V or less than 13.2 V, fluctuates beyond these limits - the charging relay is faulty.

What reasons can cause the charging relay to fail?

Only two, not counting severe damage to the generator housing:

• “planned” wear of brushes, which are graphite electrodes. In this case, the contact is gradually broken and disappears completely. As a result, no current is supplied to the excitation winding of the generator, and it does not work;
• A short circuit has occurred in the electrical circuit itself, while there is an output current on the generator and battery, but it is higher than 14.8 V.

The charging relay is located on the generator, on its back cover, and, no matter what shape and color the “tablet” is, a yellow wire comes out of the generator body to it. The relay is located so that it can be replaced without removing the generator. But for convenience, the pictures show work on a removed generator.

How to replace the charging relay?

If after taking these measures there is no effect, you need to look for the cause in the generator, we’ll talk about this next time. At the same time, remember that if you are removing a generator, then either you have decent knowledge in electrical engineering, or you have someone to give it to. There is no third option, especially if you have an injector.

In conclusion, let me tell you about several other reasons for the lack of charging or imitation, and also give advice:

1. If you have a VAZ 2107 injector, then it is strictly not recommended to reset the battery terminal for various “checks” while the engine is running, and especially to allow strangers near the hood for this purpose. This is very harmful to electronic “brains”.
2. It is advisable for those who like to “light up” to be able to say a firm “no” if you have a VAZ 2107 injector.
3. On dashboard The connectors are not soldered to the board, but riveted. Therefore, in some cars in the cold, while the interior is cold, there is no contact with the charging lamp. It lights up, simulating a lack of current from the generator. After the interior has warmed up, contact is restored and the lamp goes out.
4. The next reason for those who like to go to the car wash in the cold. When water gets into the relay and brush assembly and freezes there, there is no charging. The solution is to heat it with any powerful hairdryer.

If there is no charging on the VAZ-2107, then the entire on-board network is powered from battery. In this case, the generator will not work at all. But the disadvantage of a rechargeable battery is that it does not last long. And if a breakdown of the generator or its charging circuit suddenly occurs, the malfunction must be repaired as quickly as possible. Otherwise, you risk continuing to drive on a tow truck or tow truck. In order to understand the reason for the lack of charging, you need to know at least the theory of how the generator set on a car works.

What is a generator

In order to start the engine and ensure its proper operation, the entire electrical system must be provided with constant voltage. If we talk specifically about the reasons why there is no charging on the VAZ-2107, then you need to take into account that this car requires a voltage of 12 V. The car is started with a starter - this Electrical engine high power that spins crankshaft. The generator does not work when the engine is idle.

As soon as the crankshaft begins to rotate, voltage from the battery is applied to the excitation winding of the generator. The generator can only operate if there is a rotational movement of the magnetic field. And if there is no charging on the VAZ-2107, then there is either no voltage on the rotor winding or no rotation. The magnetic field is created by the field winding, which is located on the rotor. There is a pulley on it, which is connected to the crankshaft by a ridge belt (on injection cars) and a V-belt (on carburetor cars) to the crankshaft.

Voltage regulator

And most importantly, the VAZ-2107 charging lamp is connected to the excitation winding through a voltage regulator. The latter allows you to maintain the voltage at the same level - within 13.6-14.2 V. The design of the regulator can be absolutely any, the following designs are distinguished:

1. Mechanical - work on electromagnetic relays.
2. Electromechanical - they work on electromagnetic relays and a kind of combined circuit.
3. Electronic regulators - consist of a single crystal on which a switching circuit is made. Essentially, this is one large power switch that allows switching to maintain required level voltage.

Breakdowns leading to loss of charge

But now let's figure out why the generator may lose charging. The VAZ-2107 has a simple design; there is nothing complicated in the power supply system.

Major breakdowns:

1. Voltage regulator failure.
2. Broken generator drive belt.
3. Poor contact or break in the wires supplying the field winding.

In order to restore the functionality of the generator set, you need to understand what the causes of the breakdown may be. If there is no charging on the VAZ-2107, you need to carefully carry out diagnostics.

How to understand that there is no charging

The first sign that charging has failed is that the lamp on the instrument panel lights up. The voltmeter needle may not respond (if, of course, the car has one). But the most reliable way to determine a breakdown is to check the voltage directly at the generator terminals.

When the engine is running, the voltage should be 13.6-14.2 V. If the battery is not charging, the voltage will be 12 V or lower. In order to avoid damage to the voltage regulator, do not remove the terminals from the battery while the engine is running.

It should be noted that too high or low voltage is harmful to the battery. It is either completely discharged (this leads to the fact that it is impossible to start the engine, since the starter does not rotate), or it is overcharged (at the same time, the electrolyte boils away from the cans). Of course, all these negative phenomena will lead to the battery failing.

What is needed for repair?

In the event that the VAZ-2107 has lost its charge, you need to start repairs as quickly as possible. It is impossible to carry all the tools and equipment with you, but it is still worth having a minimum set in the glove compartment or trunk.

More specifically, you need to have the following set of tools:

1. Voltage measuring device (multimeter).
2. Lamp 12 volts and power no more than 3 W.
3. Screwdrivers - flat and Phillips.
4. Stationery knife for cleaning wires.
5. Pliers.
6. Sandpaper.

Having this entire set of tools, you can begin to carry out repairs. Fortunately, on a VAZ-2107 it’s quite easy to do this with your own hands.

Troubleshooting

The first thing to do is check the tension of the alternator drive belt. Let's look at the main reasons why charging on a VAZ-2107 may fail. The reasons can actually be anything - even a simple broken belt. Over time, it wears out and becomes unusable. On the "sevens" the belt also drives the coolant pump. And if suddenly the belt will break, this can be seen by the fact that the temperature of the antifreeze in the engine block will instantly increase.

If there is no light in the dashboard indicator light, and in the on-board network the voltage is at a normal level, but there is still no charging, you can look for the reason for this phenomenon in the terminals and contacts that connect the wires. Remove the terminals from the battery to clean them. Very often they are covered with a layer of oxides that interfere with the conduction of current. The result is a large voltage drop. Quite often, the fault lies not even in the charging wires themselves, but in the bus that connects the body, the engine block and the negative terminal of the battery.

More complex breakdowns

If, when the engine is running, the voltage in the on-board network is in the normal range, but when the load increases, it immediately drops, then we can say that the alternator belt is very loosely tensioned. Quite often, at low speeds, the belt even begins to whistle. It should be noted that with normal belt tension, the sag should be no more than 17 mm. Moreover, the force should be no more than 10 kgf. If the belt is very loose, it needs to be tightened. If tension cannot be achieved, a new one should be installed.

But you cannot tighten the belt too much - this will cause excessive load to be applied to the bearings. This will lead to damage to the bearings of the pump and generator. Quite often, the cause of loss of charging is a breakdown of one or more diodes of the rectifier bridge. It also happens that the rotor or stator winding breaks through. To check these elements, you need to completely disassemble the generator set.

Generator diagnostics

In order to check the diodes, you need to use a multimeter or a test lamp. Using a multimeter, you can measure the on-state resistance of semiconductors. In order to diagnose devices using a lamp, you need to disconnect the positive terminal from the battery. One wire must be connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the second to the three bolts of the rectifier diodes.

Afterwards you need to perform a similar operation with the negative terminal turned off (and the positive terminal turned on). If the lamp starts to light up, this may indicate that the corresponding diodes are broken. Most best option- installation of a new diode block. But in order to save money, you can replace only those that are faulty.

The main condition for repairs is to do everything carefully. The current flows in this node is large, so weak insulation will lead to the formation of a spark gap, which will cause failure of not only the semiconductors, but also the generator windings. If the charging light is on on a VAZ-2107, this may indicate that one of several components has failed.

Good day, dear reader. In this article, I will tell you as simply as possible about the operating principle of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator and about the reasons why the generator does not charge. So that everything is clear to an ordinary person who has not studied electrical engineering, I will not delve into the physics of what is happening and use scientific terms, but I will explain everything, as they say, “on the fingers.” So, let's begin!

The operating principle of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator.

In order to understand why on the VAZ 2109 - 2114 the generator gives little charge or does not charge at all, you need to understand how it works and know the principle of its operation.

The generator consists of five main parts shown in the figure below: armature - 5, stator - 6, relay-regulator paired with brushes - 10, diode bridge - 9, housing - 3.7.

The operating principle is as follows:

1. from battery to diode bridge (9) there is a positive wire and a diode bridge (9) connected to ground through the housing (3,7) generator
2. voltage across diode bridge (9) served to the stator (6) generator and a magnetic field appears in the stator
3. when the car starts up, the engine, using a belt drive, turns the rotor (5) generator
4. in the rotor (5) , rotating in the magnetic field of the generator (6) current appears
5. current is removed from the rotor by brushes (10) and through a relay - regulator (10) is supplied to the car battery.

Failure to comply with any of the points leads to a malfunction of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator.

Reasons why the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator does not charge.

To find the reason why the VAZ 2109 2114 generator does not work or does not charge well, you need to check for serviceability each of the points above that describe the operation of the generator.

Point one: the diode bridge does not receive positive voltage from the battery.

The cause of the malfunction in this case may be the wire itself or its connection to the diode bridge or battery. Try cleaning the connection terminals, and if that doesn’t help, test the wire.

Poor contact with the negative wire is not considered, since in this case the engine would not start at all.

Point two: diode bridge and generator stator.

After checking the diode bridge, if it proper work, we ring the stator winding. To do this, select the continuity mode on the multimeter and apply the probes to the first and second contacts of the stator, and then to the first and third.

Point three: VAZ 2109 - 2114 alternator belt.

The carburetor version of the VAZ had a thin V-belt, and the injection models have a wide belt with cores, but this does not change the operating principle. Charging may not go well due to belt slippage. This malfunction appears a strong whistle belt The belt may also start to whistle when you turn on energy consumers such as headlights, heated glass, stove fan, etc. If you hear a belt whistle, try to replace it as soon as possible. This is one of the reasons why the VAZ 2109 -2114 generator does not charge well.

Point four: generator armature VAZ 2109 -2114.

There should be no breaks in the armature, as well as in the stator. Test it by placing the multimeter probes on the brush tracks.

If the anchor does not ring, it should be replaced.

Point five: brushes with a relay-controller.

The brushes of the VAZ 2109 -2114 generator wear off over time on the armature tracks. If their length is less than 5 millimeters, then they are not able to press tightly against the anchor, thereby not charging the vase battery.

But it happens that the relay-regulator fails before the brushes are worn out. To check it you will need:

• 12 volt light bulb
• car battery
• two 1.5 volt batteries
• several wires

We connect the light bulb and battery to the relay regulator as shown in the figure below. In this case, the lamp should be on.

Now we add two batteries to the circuit, as in the figure below. The light should not be on now.

If the light comes on in both cases - the relay - the regulator needs to be changed.

Now you know all the main reasons for the malfunction of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator. If you have questions, leave them in the comments!

A modern car has a large number electrical equipment for various purposes, powered from the on-board network. When the engine is running in a VAZ 2107 car, the voltage is supplied by an alternating current generator, which is a synchronous dynamo. The unit is driven from the engine pulley by a V-belt. During operation, the device naturally wears out, resulting in it not meeting the established parameters.

The VAZ 2107 car has a generator of one of two versions: model 372.3701 and 9412.3701. The latest later version differs from the previous one in the following elements:

1. The rectifier unit is installed externally on the back cover and is protected by a plastic housing.
2. The cooling impeller of the device is located inside, which makes it more efficient.
3. The diameter of the slip rings has been reduced to reduce wear on the brush assembly.

This design ensures a reduction in the circumference and does not increase production in parts.

External manifestations of unit malfunctions

Diagnosing failures of electrical equipment of a VAZ 2107 car is not particularly difficult for a driver with relevant experience. The generating device provides the voltage necessary to charge the battery and ensure stable operation of other devices. Its nominal value is 14 V, which can be measured at the terminals with a multimeter.

If the generator of a VAZ 2107 car produces a voltage of less than 11.5 V, you should check the degree of tension of the drive belt; it may slip. This is usually accompanied by a characteristic whistling sound that disappears when pulled up. If extraneous noise does not disappear, it is necessary to replace the worn V-belt and check the condition of the rotor bearings.

Dismantling the electric generator

To thoroughly check the device, it is necessary to remove it from the VAZ 2107 car and disassemble it. The electric generator is dismantled in strict compliance with the recommendations. Machine repair manuals developed by the manufacturer. It is important to disconnect the battery before performing work to prevent a short circuit from touching the contact parts of the wire to the housing.

The generator, designed to charge the battery and power the devices, is removed in the following order:

1. The machine is installed above the inspection hole or on a lift, the protection and the mudguard on the left are removed from it.
2. The wires from the electric generator are disconnected and the nut is unscrewed, fixing its position on the tensioner shaped bar.
3. The belt is removed from the pulleys.
4. Unscrew the bolt securing the device to the bracket and pull it out of the hole.

After this, carefully remove the generator from engine compartment car VAZ 2107, while being careful. The unit is cleaned of dirt using a rag and a brush and is externally inspected for external damage. This does not guarantee the detection of faults, but rocking the rotor shaft from side to side makes it possible to identify play in the bearings and, accordingly, their wear.

Checking generator parts

Disassembly of the device installed on the car is carried out using a mechanic's tool in the following order:

1. Without applying excessive force, unscrew the bolts securing the voltage regulator and the rectifier unit.
2. Using the “8” key, we disassemble the studs that tighten the body and remove the back cover. The generator is divided into several parts.
3. We defecate the bearing and brush assembly. If the remaining length of the contact devices does not exceed 5 mm, they must be replaced.
4. Damage to the bearing sealing rings indicates wear and tear, and the product is dismantled and a new one is installed in its place.
5. We remove the pulley from the rotor, holding it in a vice, while not forgetting about the possibility of deformation of the unit. When tightening, carefully monitor the condition of the part.
6. After this, we remove the shaft from the bearing and check it.

Monitoring the electrical part of the generating device of the VAZ 2107 car, which provides battery charging and power supply to devices. In this case, a multimeter is used in resistance testing mode. It is necessary to ensure that there are no breaks in the rotor and stator windings, as well as the absence of an interturn short circuit. At the next stage, the generator of the VAZ 2107 car is checked for serviceability of the voltage regulator.

This unit is checked according to a certain method using a battery and measuring instruments. After carrying out control measurements and if no deviations are found, we begin to work with blocks of rectifier diodes. On the VAZ 2107, the generator is equipped with a circuit of six semiconductor devices that ensure linearity of output characteristics. If during the inspection process a significant number of faults are identified, elimination does not make sense, it is cheaper to purchase a new one.

First of all, it is necessary to check the integrity of fuses No. 9 and 10, as well as their secure fastening in the fuse block.

In addition, even though the fuses appear to be in good working order (the fuse link has not blown), the fuse may be faulty. The fact is that despite the fact that the insert has not blown, the fuse is nevertheless faulty. Due to long service life, the tops of the fuses at their entrance to the sockets wear out. This can be determined visually. To do this, the fuse is removed from its sockets and the upper and lower parts of the fuse, which are a continuation of the fuse link, are inspected. Visually, the worn edge of the fuse will be immediately visible in the form of a circle, like a mark from the socket where it is inserted. Such fuses are replaced and charging is checked again.

If, after replacing the fuses, the VAZ 2106 still does not charge the battery, then you should continue troubleshooting.

Next, you need to check the integrity of the generator drive belt and its tension. If the belt is not torn and its tension is normal, then you need to check the condition of the drive pulleys. When the inner surface of the pulleys wears out, the alternator belt simply begins to slip, which will also contribute to the incomplete charging of the battery or there will be no charging at all. You can check this visually by looking at the inside of the pulley. If it shines, it means the belt is slipping and it was he who polished the inside of the pulley.

This pulley must be replaced together with the drive belt.

The next reason why the battery may not charge is poor contact at the battery terminals or their oxidation. The unreliable contact is tightened, and the oxidized terminals must be treated with a solution of soda and water. Soda neutralizes the oxide, after which the terminal must be rinsed with water and wiped well. To ensure that the remaining oxide is removed with fine sandpaper. Then the terminal must be lubricated, for example with Litol 24 grease. A similar operation must be done with the terminals themselves. There is no need to sand the terminals or scrape them with a knife. They are very malleable, since they are cast from lead, and three or four such procedures will noticeably reduce their diameter, which will make it impossible to properly tighten the terminals, and therefore there will be no reliable contact between them. Entrust this issue to soda and it will perfectly clean the terminals of oxide.

It is worth checking the contact points of the terminals on the generator for oxidation, which also need to be freed from oxide.

If there is no battery charging in a VAZ 2106 car, then the brushes in the generator set may be to blame.. They may have extreme wear or jam in the brush holder sockets.

To check the brushes, the generator does not need to be removed from the vehicle, since the brush assembly is accessible and easily removed. Worn brushes are either replaced or the entire assembly is replaced. The movement of the brushes is checked by pressing. The brushes should slide into their wells easily and return easily. Otherwise, the brushes are removed and the wells are cleaned, and burrs are also removed from the brushes themselves.

The contact of the generator with the vehicle ground is also checked and, if necessary, restored. Sometimes it is enough to slightly release the fastening of the wire with ground and move the wire from side to side, which will be enough to restore reliable contact. For complete control, the wire is removed and the tip is stripped.

Possible malfunctions of the VAZ 2106 generator

The generator itself may have the following faults:

• Damage to the diode bridge (popularly known as a “horseshoe”)
• Malfunction of the stator winding - interturn short circuit, short circuit to the housing or internal break
• Malfunction of the rotor field winding, with symptoms similar to those in stator winding. In addition, there may be a lot of wear on the contact rings, which disrupts their reliable contact with the brushes

If, when checking, there is normal voltage 13.5-14.2V, and the battery is not charging, then you need to check the integrity of the wire running from the generator to the battery.

The lack of charging can also be affected by a malfunction of the relay-regulator, as well as its poor contact with ground.

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