Replacement automobile oil– main lubricant, which prevents metal components in contact with each other from becoming unusable, a very important procedure. This article will talk about gearbox oil.

The role of oil in gearboxes

Let’s first figure out why gearbox oil is so necessary. Let's take a look inside the detail.

The fact that the gearbox has gears mounted on shafts, which, in turn, rotate on bearings, and that the gears come into contact with each other through teeth - we all know this.

We forget that high pressure and considerable longitudinal sliding have a negative effect on the oil, destroy the oil film in the contact area of ​​the rubbing parts, lead to metal jamming and, as a result, everything is destroyed.

Important properties

Eliminate negative influences environment and inevitable processes of mechanics is called upon viscous oil with special additives. It is able to ensure the safety and low susceptibility of the oil film to various influences. It will also be useful to know that even at the production stage of gears and other gearbox parts, they are coated with phosphate.

As for additives, transmission fluids for boxes contain the same substances that are in motor lubricants. We are talking about anti-wear, viscosity-temperature, anti-corrosion and other additives. Only in the transmission fluid these same additives are mixed in different proportions.

In addition, to strengthen the oil film and make it stronger, compounds of chlorine, zinc, sulfur and phosphorus are added to the liquid - in a word, a whole bunch from the periodic table. However, strong oxide films are formed that are highly resistant to high pressure and mechanical stress.

Types of Oil Bases

Like motor oil, transmission fluid has three varieties or types of bases. Synthetic, semi-synthetic and mineral bases. Let's consider each of the foundations separately, find out their purpose and role.

Synthetic base

• She has better fluidity compared to mineral. On the other hand, under extreme changes in operating temperatures, such oils can cause unwanted leaks from transmission seals. This situation is especially relevant for cars with high mileage;
• Synthetic oils have advantages besides better fluidity. Thus, the thickness of synthetic oil is less dependent on decreasing temperature in cold season, which allows them to be used in a wider temperature range, making them all-season;

Semi-synthetic base

• It is a kind of hybrid, a combined option, something between full “synthetics” and “mineral water”;
• This oil is designed to provide improvements in a number of properties mineral oils, while simultaneously reducing high cost synthetic.

Mineral base

• Are considered most consumed, so to speak, popular oils, due to their low cost;
• In order to somehow improve the quality, a certain amount of additives with a high sulfur content is added.

It turns out that synthetic oils The quality is better than mineral ones, but the price is much more expensive. Semi-synthetics are somewhere in the middle, providing an opportunity to save money.

Important: remember that under no circumstances should you mix “synthetics” with a mineral base or vice versa!

Difference in oil by box type

In addition, oils must be distinguished by their properties. Today, two types of oils are known: for and for. Here's where they differ.

For manual transmission

• Manual transmission oils (or MTF) effectively relieve mechanical stress, lubricate friction pairs, and remove heat and rust particles.

You should be aware that all gears and the bearings inside them require oil immersion and splash lubrication. In some structures (particularly loaded or complex mechanisms), even such lubrication is not enough. In such cases, the oil is provided with a forced supply under pressure.

For automatic transmission

• The difference (they are marked as ATF) in that they are applicable higher requirements than to lubricant for manual transmission. This oil acts as a transmitter of mechanical energy in the entire transmission system. Rather, it's hydraulic fluid than regular oil;
• These oils are not only able to lubricate gears, but also provide a liquid medium, as well as smooth operation friction mechanisms, better remove heat and protect against corrosion;
• They have more high viscosity index and better resist foaming;
• ATF lubricant has a weaker effect on oil seals and various elastomers than manual transmission oil;
• Such oils must be very resistant to oxidation.

This question is often asked on forums: Is it possible to use automatic transmission oil in manual transmissions? This oil cannot be poured into conventional manual transmissions, since its density is lower and the necessary anti-friction additives are missing. But, there are some manual transmission models in which, in addition to regular gear oil, the use of ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) is also provided by the manufacturer. For example, such gearboxes were installed on some older Mercedes models. Speaking in general, then it's not worth doing this.

Table of known automatic transmission oils

Brand	Description	Purpose
Dexron 3	Automatic transmission oil that meets the latest requirements of leading manufacturers	For cars with Step-tronic, Type-tronic, automatic transmission and so on
Euromax ATF	Special fluid for automatic transmissions of foreign cars of a very high quality standard	Boxes Ford Mercon, Chrysler, Mitsubishi Diamond, Nissan, Toyota, etc.
Mobile Delvac ATF	Automatic transmission oil that performs exceptionally well at sub-zero temperatures	Trucks with automatic transmission, buses, cars etc
Toyota ATF	Oil with special additives that protect against corrosion and excessive wear	Boxes of Toyota and Lexus cars
Honda ATF	Oil using special ingredients to protect seals and O-rings	Automatic transmissions of all Honda models

Classification of oil by viscosity degree

We've sorted out the basics, now let's move on to one of the most important characteristics– the characteristics of a particular oil and classification by viscosity degree SAE And API.

API classification implies the division of all known gear oils into 7 groups, the most common of which are GL-4(moderate loads) and GL-5(hard, extreme loads).

Classification(you can read more about this classification in other articles on our website) conditionally divides oils into 3 groups: winter/summer/all-season.

Below we see a table that lists the most popular gear oils and their viscosity, as well as various important properties.

Synthetic based, semi-synthetic

Oil brand	SAE	Peculiarities	API
Mobile 1 SHC	75W/90	Universal SNT* all-season (intended for manual transmission, hypoid and other gears)	GL4
Lukoil TM-5	75W/90	Designed specifically for manual transmissions with any type of gears - PSNT**	GL5
Castrol Suntrans Transaxle	75W/90	Fully SNT (purpose - manual transmission, transfer case, gearbox in a block with main gears)	GL4
Mobile GX	80W	Purpose – combined gearbox/front-wheel drive	GL4
Lukoil TM-5	85W/90	Designed for manual transmission/automatic transmission, transfer case, steering - PSNT	GL5
Toyota	75W/90	Original SNT oil (purpose of manual transmission, hypoid gearboxes rear axle, steering column)	GL4/GL5

Changing the gearbox oil

Gearbox oil does not need to be replaced in all brands of cars. There are some expensive car models in which replacement is not provided for by the manufacturer. As a rule, these are cars with a new type of automatic transmission, where the fluid is filled for the entire service life (coinciding with the service life of the car itself). Such gearboxes do not even have a dipstick to check the level.

Here, for example, are car models in which replacement is not provided:

• On German cars, already after the 90s of production, boxes without a probe are installed;
• Acura RL with MJBA automatic transmission;
• Chevrolet Yukon with automatic transmission type 6L80;
• Ford Mondeo with FMX automatic transmission;
• Honda CR-V recent years release and many others

But all this seems superficial and in practice things are a little different. Replacement may be required if there is a problem with the box. In any case, diagnostics will be needed (with determination of the level using a scanner and graph) and replacement, it is better to have specialists handle it.

Let's leave the expensive car models alone and move on to ordinary ones. In the boxes of these machines, it is recommended to replace them through every 80 thousand km mileage, which is approximately 2 years. But not everything fits here either. Again, all this refers to the classic, so to speak, scenario, implying that the car rarely gets into city traffic jams, the climate of the country where the driver lives is moderate, and the quality of the roads is beyond doubt (as in Germany, for example). In our country, where driving conditions are almost extreme, it is important to replace it not every 80 thousand km or even every 40 thousand km, but every 25 thousand. And these are not big words, but the realities of our lives. Thus, we will take care of the box and prevent it from breaking down ahead of time.

There is another option. The lubricant can be inspected visually and its condition can be determined. So, if it is noticeable that the liquid has changed its color to a darker color or has acquired a burnt smell, it is already stupid to wait for a scheduled replacement. Urgently contact the service center, where they will first carry out diagnostics and then change the oil.

Conclusion

Today approximate cost Automatic transmission oils cost 250-1000 rubles per liter. The most expensive is the French Motul ATF oil, and one of the cheapest is the American Chevron ATF. Oils for manual transmissions start at 100 rubles per liter.

Time does not stand still. New varieties of oils appear, imported branded products become available, and recommendations change. A motorist needs to keep abreast of the latest developments, just like a specialist in any other field. Periodically check the quality of the oil, carry out diagnostics and the condition of the box.

Changing the oil in a “Tens” gearbox (gearbox) is a simple and inexpensive procedure, the regularity of which directly determines the durability of the gearbox. Owners of VAZ 2110 cars need to have information about how much oil is in the VAZ 2110 box, how to check the level and how often to replace it.

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When should you change?

According to the factory instructions, the service life of the oil in the VAZ 2110 gearbox is 75 thousand km. As practice shows, if a car is used in conditions of sudden temperature changes and in city traffic jams, then the frequency of oil changes should be reduced to 35-40 thousand km.

In addition to the scheduled oil change, there may be situations when the fluid should be changed immediately. A signal for an urgent oil change is the presence of metal dust or particles in the oil on the dipstick rod or noticeable thickening of the oil, not associated with its low temperature.

Which oil is better to choose?

The factory instructions allow the use of oils that meet API standards - SG, SH, SJ. Depending on these parameters, the behavior of the oil in winter, at fairly low temperatures, differs. The lower the initial viscosity parameters, the more low temperature will withstand oil. For the winter, many owners of VAZ 2110 with an injector fill in standard 75W-90 oil.

• Valvoline Durablend 75W-90;
• BP Energear HT 75W-90;
• TNK Trans KP 75W-90;
• Lukoil TM 4–12 80W-85;
• Lada Trans KP 80W-85.

All the oils listed above comply with the API GL4 standard. Currently, the most commonly used brands are Lukoil, ZIC, Mannol. The final choice of oil type remains with the car owner. Many reviews give preference to ZIC G-FF 75W-85 oil.

The manufacturer does not have any special requirements for the use of oil with GL4 or GL5 standards. The oil should not have a class lower than GL4, and the use of more expensive GL5 oil is possible and depends on the desire of the car owner. There are a number of opinions that GL5 oils contribute to more intensive wear of synchronizers.

Level control and required volume

While operating the vehicle, it is necessary to regularly check the oil level in the gearbox. According to the factory instructions, control is carried out once every 15 thousand kilometers, but in practice it is advisable to carry out this operation 2-3 times more often.

To check the level, you need to remove the dipstick located on the top of the box housing next to the thermostat housing. There are two notches on the probe rod indicating the lower and upper limit levels. In a working box, the oil level should be slightly below the maximum level. If the level is insufficient, the oil must be added. To do this, fill in liquid from the same manufacturer and with the same parameters as before. If this information is unknown, then the oil must be changed.

When changing the lubricant, you need to know how much oil is in the VAZ 2110 box. According to factory standards, there are 3.5 liters of oil in the box. The oil volume does not depend on the number of valves on the engine, since the crankcase is the same. Therefore, to replace it, you need to buy a container with the same amount of new oil.

Sometimes, when filling, a little more than 3.5 liters enters the crankcase, but the level does not exceed the maximum permissible value. There is no need to pour more than 3.6 liters of oil into the box, as this causes increased resistance to gear rotation and increases fuel consumption. Second side effect Oil overflow can lead to squeezing out the wheel drive seals. It is better to pump out excess oil through the dipstick hole using a large-volume medical syringe equipped with a long tube.

DIY oil change instructions

The oil change procedure is very simple and does not require special knowledge or tools. Any car owner can do it with his own hands. Before starting work, it is necessary to warm up the car and gearbox by driving at least 15–20 km.

Required Tools

After warming up the box, you will need to prepare tools and consumables:

• an empty container with a capacity of at least 4 liters for draining used oil;
• key of any type with a size of 17 mm;
• rags;
• a funnel with a hose with a diameter of no more than 10-12 mm;
• canister with fresh oil.

Algorithm of actions

The procedure for changing the oil is as follows:

1. Place the car on a horizontal pit or overpass.
2. Remove the dipstick from the gearbox housing.
3. If the engine and gearbox protection is installed below, it must be removed.
4. Wipe the lower part of the crankcase with a rag and use a 17 mm wrench to unscrew the drain plug.
5. Place the container and drain the oil. Complete draining of the oil takes at least 15 minutes.
6. Wipe the plug and threads with a clean rag.
7. Screw the plug in by hand and tighten it with a wrench.
8. Install a hose with a funnel into the dipstick hole and fill in approximately 3.3 liters of fresh oil.
9. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain into the crankcase and check the level.
10. If necessary, add oil or pump out excess.
11. After 200-300 km, re-check the level and make sure there are no oil leaks through the drain plug or box seals.

Oil level dipstick on the top of the crankcase Drain plug on the bottom of the crankcase

What will happen if you don't change?

Failure to promptly change the oil in the gearbox significantly reduces the life of the unit. Transmission oils contain a whole range of additives that effectively remove corrosion products on steel gearbox parts and facilitate the operation of bronze synchronizers. Over time, these additives lose their properties and wear of parts increases with old oil. In addition, the oil serves to remove heat from gearbox components; the older the lubricant, the worse it provides heat removal. Metal particles generated during operation of the box will also have a negative effect. They will get into the bearings and contact spots of the gears, increasing their wear.

Replacement cost

The cost of replacement will only include the price of oil, which ranges from 1,200 rubles (Lukoil oil) to 2,700 (Valvoline). The most expensive oil options will cost up to 4 thousand rubles.

Vehicle transmission, like power point, cannot be operated without lubrication. Not only the performance of parts and their normal functioning, but also the overhaul life of the products depends on its quality composition. An effective means of maintaining vehicle In good condition, there will be periodic monitoring of the lubricant level in the gearbox and replacing it as necessary.

How to correctly determine which oil should be poured into a VAZ 2110 transmission type box in order to operate the “ten” for a long time and successfully?

A few words about gear oils

Such materials are used in manual and automatic transmissions, transfer cases, differentials and steering systems. In these units, the torque is transmitted by pairs of gear-type gears. Any elements of such a system in mechanical devices are lubricated by being in oil, or by supplying it to the working elements.

Oils of this type are replaced every 60-70 thousand km. Periodic change of such fuels and lubricants has a beneficial effect on operational properties car.

Transmission oil in the VAZ 2110 gearbox has the following functionality:

1. Protects the working surfaces of parts from the effects of increased friction, thereby reducing losses due to excessive metal-to-metal resistance.
2. Control over the correct operation of contacting working surfaces using thermal lubrication functions.
3. Protects transmission elements from impact loads, protects the car from excessive vibration and various noises.
4. It has a protective effect on gearbox elements from corrosion and removes wear products from stress zones.

In a VAZ 2110 car, the oil in the gearbox must maintain an initially high degree of viscosity at operating temperatures from 80 to 120°C and further up to 200°C. This is due to an increase in temperature conditions at the points of interaction of gear drives. On the other hand, the excessive viscosity of such lubricants at subzero temperatures will interfere with the normal movement of the gear transmission.

Requirements for gear oils:

• ability to counteract oxidative processes;
• excellent anti-wear qualities;
• good ability to resist corrosion;
• counteraction to foaming processes.

The characteristics of transmission oils in terms of viscosity and temperature are determined according to the international SAE classifier and are divided into 4 winter (with the letter W) and 3 summer types.

Transmission oils in automatic transmissions have slightly different functions, because in hydromechanical systems, like an automatic transmission, the oil serves as the working fluid. Such lubricants, taking into account the above requirements, must have an anti-friction effect.

In addition, the requirements for the viscosity of fuels and lubricants are increasing, because the automatic transmission contains a large number of components and parts that perform a wide range of functions: a torque converter, automatic transmission gears, a control complex where friction pairs made of various materials work: steel, cermets, bronze, etc.

In addition, such units are subject to aeration due to high-speed oil flows, which is a prerequisite for the appearance of foam. This is fraught with accelerated oxidation and corrosion of automatic transmission materials.

Changing the oil in “mechanics” “tens”

Procedure for changing oil in manual transmission:

1. It is better to replace the lubricant immediately after operating the vehicle, when all units maintain operating temperature conditions.
2. We install the car on a level area, put it on parking brake and de-energize the vehicle.
3. For convenience, we place the “front” of the car on a stand. Check the oil level with the vehicle standing horizontally.
4. Clean the filler plug and inspection hole.
5. Place an oil drain tank under the gearbox housing and unscrew the plug. Take measures to prevent burns from hot aggregate oil.
6. After draining the waste, clean the hole plugs well, Special attention paying attention to removing metal particles from inserts with magnets.
7. Wait until the oil has completely drained and place the car in a horizontal position.
8. Fill the unit with oil and test the lubrication level in the unit. Tighten the inspection plug, take a short trip and check the oil level in the gearbox, and if necessary, add the missing amount. Tighten the plug with the recommended torque.

Changing the oil in an automatic VAZ 2110

Filling the VAZ 2110 automatic transmission with oil is required every 30,000 km. after the next replacement. In this case, it is also possible to change the lubricant earlier if there is extraneous noise and crunching in the automatic transmission.

According to the recommendation of the car manufacturer, it is recommended to fill this model with GL-4 oil according to API tariff. So, shell oil 75W90 is one such manufacturer's recommendation. It is better to carry out the procedure at a service station, where professional specialists will quickly and efficiently carry out all the work.

Transmission seals

VAZ 2110 gearbox seals are replaceable components in the transmission of this car. There are the following types repair work at maintenance gearboxes for VAZ 2110:

• replacement of gearbox seals located on front wheel drives;
• replacing the gearbox seal on the unit’s input shaft;
• Replacing the cuff of the speed selection system rod.

All this work is best carried out under the supervision of an experienced assembly fitter, who can help with practical advice if necessary.

Of course, the transmission is one of the most important components of any car. It is thanks to this that the engine crankshaft rotates and forces are transmitted to the drive wheels. But like all other components, the gearbox requires constant maintenance. And today we will look at what oil to pour into the box and in what proportions.

Features of VAZ gearboxes

With the advent of cars of the “eighth” and “ninth” families in the 80s, many car owners were perplexed by the fact that motor oil could be poured into the transmission of these models.

Such originality was caused by a fundamentally new design of the gearbox, which worked exclusively on special fluids. But since quite a few such oils were produced in the USSR, ordinary motor substances were poured into the gearbox.

A little history

What lubricants were popular in the USSR? The most common gear oil at that time was TAD-17I. This product was created specifically for helical and hypoid gears. However, for some reasons, the TAD-17I turned out to be unsuitable for use at modern checkpoints. Its increased viscosity and special additives did not contribute to the complete formation of a film on the working surfaces of the synchronizers.

In this regard, the alignment of the angular velocity of the gears and the coupling was not ensured. Therefore, the gears on the transmissions of the “nines” were engaged with very great effort, and moreover, during switching, a characteristic sound jammed gears. All this not only created discomfort while driving, but also significantly reduced the life of the gearbox, which led to accelerated breakdown.

According to the state standard, more suitable oils for the “nines” there were substances of the TM-1 and TM-2 groups, which ensured a greater resource and durability of gearbox parts. At the same time, the popular TAD-17I complied with the TM-5 standard, so using it on new transmissions was simply impractical, since main couple on “eights” and “nines” it had not a hypoid, but a helical gear.

What kind of oil should I put in the VAZ 2109 box? About the features of TM 5-9P

This continued until in the early 90s (after 10 years of serial production of Samara) a new substance TM 5-9P was created for domestic transmissions. As practice has shown, on front wheel drive cars This oil ensured the formation of a thin film on the teeth for almost 75 thousand kilometers. However, this resource was read after running in the gearbox (before this period, TM 5-9P was changed once after 2-3 thousand kilometers).

What can you put into the “nine” today?

With development automotive market In Russia, the number of transmission oil manufacturers increases every year. What kind of oil can be poured into the “nine” box now? Experts recommend purchasing substances for the VAZ 2109 gearbox that correspond to API group GL-4. According to GOST, these can be TM-4 and TM 5-9P oils. Based on viscosity characteristics, it is better to focus on choosing products with the following SAE marking:

• 75W-90;
• 80W-90;
• 80W-85.

This is the kind of oil that experts recommend pouring into the “nine” gearbox. It is these fluids that are most suitable for gearboxes of VAZ 2109 and VAZ 2108 cars. They have a very long service life and ensure smooth operation of gearbox parts over several tens of thousands of kilometers.

How to change transmission oil on a “nine”?

We have already found out what kind of oil to pour into the VAZ 2109 box, now let’s talk about how to replace it correctly. Let us note right away that this will take you no more than 15-20 minutes of free time, so there is simply no point in going to the service station.

So, first, let's prepare the tools. During the work, we will need 10 and 17 millimeters, as well as a container for waste liquid. The latter can be made from an empty can of antifreeze or machine oil - just cut out one of its side parts with a knife.

Let's get to work. First, you need to use a 10 mm wrench to unscrew the engine protection fasteners. They are located under the front bumper. Next, using a screwdriver, unscrew the 2 bolts of the protection, which is located closer to the interior.

Now we place our “modernized” canister under the car in a horizontal position and, using a 17 mm wrench, unscrew the cap drain hole. Please note that this part is under pressure and together with the liquid it may fall into the canister.

We're waiting for the old one transmission oil leaks out, and screw the plug back on. Next, we put the engine protection in place and take the oil dipstick from the gearbox. The latter is located at the top of the checkpoint. To find out the oil level, you need to wipe the dipstick with a dry cloth, reinstall it and pull it out again after 2-3 seconds. In this case, the car should not be on a slope. Ideally, there should not be a drop of oil on the dipstick. If this is the case, then you can safely fill the gearbox with new fluid.

Oil quantity norm

How much oil should I put in a 9's box? According to technical data, this figure is 3.0 liters for cars with a 4-speed transmission and 3.3 for cars with a 5-speed gearbox.

You need to add oil with a small reserve of 200-250 milliliters. In this case, the liquid level on the dipstick will be 4-5 millimeters above the “MAX” mark.

Where to pour oil into the box? It should be poured into the same neck where the dipstick comes from. This completes the VAZ 2109 box. That's it, now you can start using the car again!

So, we found out how to replace it.

Welcome!
What kind of oil should be poured into the gearbox on the “Classic”? How much oil is included in the box? We are asked these questions very often, but not all people usually know the answer to them, and therefore, especially for such people, we will cover these questions in more detail in the article.

What kind of oil should be poured into the box?

If we talk about cars of the “Classic” family with 4 and 5-speed gearboxes, then only special transmission oil is poured into it, which will lubricate all the gears that are in the boxes during their operation.

From what we read above, we understood that only transmission oil is poured into the box, and what is the viscosity class of this oil and what group should it be, you ask? For classics, the oil group should be either “GL-4” or “GL-5”. And the viscosity grade should be designated “SAE75W90”, or “SAE75W85”, or “SAE80W85”.

What do all these symbols mean and where are they located?

These designations are usually written on the boxes in which the oil is located, and they mean the viscosity class of this oil and the group to which this or that oil belongs, let’s look at it in more detail:

GL-4 - these oils contain a high content of additives. Basically, this type is used only on cars with step transmissions, which operate at high speeds but with low torque, and also at low speeds but with high torque.

GL-5 - these oils are created for use in “Hypoid gears are gears in which two gears rotate at an angle, see the photo below for an example of such a gear.” At the moment, on classics, the hypoid gear is located only in the gearbox and therefore, as you already understood, only oils of the “GL-5” group must be filled into the gearbox. But this group of oils has also found its application in the box, but basically this group is used only for the box that constantly works in harsh conditions operation.

SAE75W90 is, as such, an oil viscosity class, and this abbreviation means that the oil is semi-synthetic or simply synthetic; such oil is also commonly called all-season oil, because if you look at the numbers at which the oil either freezes or boils, then these numbers come out beyond +35 and -40, in this regard, such oil can be used on cars that are used in Russia, because such a climate is considered practically the norm for our country.

SAE75W85 - this viscosity class is also used for so-called all-season oils, and the temperature at which the oil will solidify goes beyond -40 and should not exceed +45, otherwise the oil may boil.

SAE80W85 – and the last type of oil viscosity, 80W-85, which boils at degrees above +35 and does not freeze down to -30 degrees.

How much oil is included in the box on a classic?

Many people are accustomed to asking this question in exactly this form, but in fact this is an incorrectly posed question, because the oil is located in the transmission crankcase as such, and therefore it would be correct to ask your question this way: “How much transmission oil will go into the box crankcase? »

In fact, this is not so important, the essence remains the same anyway, so let’s move closer to the answer to the question posed, and it will sound exactly like this: If the car has 4 step box, then it will only hold 1.35 liters of transmission oil, and if the box is a 5-speed gearbox, then all 1.6 liters!