The engine is troit. Usually they say this when the engine starts to run unevenly, does not “scribble” like a good sewing machine, but allows interruptions with a frequency that is a multiple of the rotation frequency.
And this is most clearly manifested in a four-cylinder engine. If the number of cylinders is greater, then the influence of one cylinder becomes less noticeable against the general background. Up to the fact that in eight-cylinder engines, for example, the ZIL-130 car, they did not always pay attention to one idle cylinder: they simply did not notice it.
Engine troit (engine tripping) - a definition that should be understood as a failure in operation of the internal combustion engine when one or more cylinders do not work partially or completely. In other words, the process of combustion of the fuel-air mixture in individual cylinders violated, which causes unstable job motor on Idling, under load and in transient conditions.
Engine tripping manifests itself in the form of increased vibrations of the power unit, the engine noticeably loses power. Misfires may be observed, which are accompanied by strong pops in the exhaust system. The motor can triple both occasionally and constantly, only at idle or under load, cold, hot, etc. Next, we intend to answer the question of what engine tripping is, and also consider the main reasons why the engine starts to triple.
Why does the motor start to thrive
So, what is the reason for the formation of modern gasoline engine with a multiport fuel injection system?
Let's start with the fact that engine tripping is a violation of the combustion of the mixture in the cylinders, which is accompanied by a clear increase in vibration. Please note that the appearance of ICE vibrations is not necessarily triple, as there are a number of other reasons why the engine vibrates a lot.
In the list of the main malfunctions, as a result of which the engine troit, the following are noted:
- supply of insufficient or excess amount of fuel to the cylinder;
- supply of insufficient or excess air;
- malfunctions of the ignition system, early or late ignition;
- wear or breakdown of the motor, which is accompanied by a decrease in compression;
In other words, the engine starts to triple as a result of an inappropriate composition of the fuel-air mixture, untimely ignition of the mixture or the inability to ignite the charge, as well as violations of the conditions for normal combustion of the mixture as a result of mechanical wear or breakdowns of the engine itself.
Based on these data, it is possible to narrow the scope of the search and the number of systems for diagnosis. The check should begin with the fuel system and injector, then the intake air supply and the ignition system are checked. In some cases, engine tripping may also be the result of a failure of one of the sensors in the system. electronic control engine.
Fuel system of a car with a gasoline engine
The most common cause that causes the engine to triple is late or early ignition, as well as a weak spark of the spark plug. At the initial stage, unscrew the spark plugs for a detailed inspection. If damage to the insulator or other defects is noticeable, then the candle should be replaced.
In the case of a damaged insulator, the damage site is clearly visible, since this area turns black. You should also pay attention to the condition of the central electrode and evaluate the gap of the side electrode.
Next, you need to check the spark plug wires. An indirect sign indicating this element is episodic motor tripping in conditions of high humidity (rain, dampness, etc.). After the engine warms up and reaches operating temperature, the symptoms may disappear completely.
You should start by inspecting the cap of the candle and the high voltage wire. These elements have rubber insulation, which tends to dry out and crack over time, as a result of which the wire begins to pierce.
Also, the high voltage wire or cap is often damaged during service or repair work in the underhood space. We add that the breakdown site can not be visually detected. In this case, it is better to check this element of the ignition system using one of the available methods.
If everything is in order with the candles and wires, then the ignition coil may be the culprit that the engine is troiting. On motors with separate coils for each candle, this phenomenon is especially common. To check the ignition coil, unscrew the spark plug, attach it to the mass and start the engine. Please note that the thread of the candle should touch the mass tightly, the cap should be tightly put on the candle. Ignoring these rules can lead to burnout of the coil or commutator. A good spark with a characteristic crackle will indicate the health of the coil, the absence of a spark will indicate the need to replace the coil.
As for the electronic ignition distributor (switch), this element does not break down often. To check the candles, they are securely attached to the mass, then caps are connected to them, after which one person turns the engine with a starter, and the other evaluates the spark strength on the candles.
Motor tripping: air supply problems
Insufficient air supply at the inlet or its excess amount can also cause trilling in the cylinders. The air supply system may lose tightness and the engine begins to suck in excess air. The ECU does not take this suction into account, as a result, the stability of the operation is violated.
Checking the air system is quite simple. It is necessary to tightly close the inlet pipe next to the air filter, then pump air to create a pressure of about ½ atmosphere, and then look for a leak. If the pressure does not drop, then the system is sealed. The appearance of a hissing sound of outgoing air allows you to determine the problem area through which the motor sucks in excess.
Lack of air is often caused by polluted air filter, which has lost bandwidth. The filter must be removed and the operation of the engine after removal should be evaluated. Also, there may not be enough air if the throttle valve is clogged or there is a problem in this unit. The specified element requires mandatory cleaning and verification. It is desirable to do this at each scheduled maintenance in parallel with the replacement engine oil, filters, etc.
Another cause of engine tripping may be the position sensor. throttle valve, a mass air flow sensor, or another sensor that is giving the wrong signal to the ECU. The control unit in such a situation does not know to what degree the damper is actually open, how much air has actually entered the engine, etc. On the basis of incorrect data, the "brains" cannot accurately calculate the optimal composition of the fuel-air mixture in relation to dynamically changing modes of operation of the internal combustion engine.
In this case, you should view the readings of the sensors and read the errors with a scanner that connects to the vehicle's diagnostic connector. Then the values \u200b\u200bmust be compared with the nominal ones. Deviations from the norm in the readings of the air flow meter or throttle position sensor lead to the fact that the engine starts to triple.
Triggering on cylinders: the power system is faulty
When checking the power system, you should pay attention to the following nuances:
- fuel pressure;
- air suction;
Fuel pressure directly depends on the health of the electric fuel pump, which on modern injection cars is in fuel tank. The fuel pump mesh filter may be clogged in the device, there may be problems with the fuel pump electric motor or power supply to the pump. It is also worth checking the pressure regulator valve in the fuel rail. Low pressure in the fuel supply system is often the cause of tripling.
The next step is to check the injection nozzles. This element tends to clog, resulting in reduced throughput, disrupted spray pattern, etc. Also, the failure of the injector itself should not be ruled out. To clean and check the injectors, you can use the flushing stand, on which a special flushing liquid is pumped through the device and power is supplied. Under such conditions, the operation of the injector on the engine is simulated, performance is evaluated, etc.
A good nozzle should not leak when closed. Also, the injector must open in a timely manner when an electrical impulse is applied. It is not allowed for the nozzle to pour fuel, since the efficiency of the subsequent combustion of the charge in the cylinder depends on the quality of the spray.
If the fuel pressure and the injector itself are in order, then the ECU should be checked. The control unit itself rarely fails, but it is possible. More often this happens in cases where the factory firmware has changed when installing HBO or the engine has been chip-tuned. Unprofessional manipulation of fuel maps can cause the ECU to overflow fuel and flood spark plugs.
A drop in compression indicates engine failure or wear. One or more cylinders are partially or completely not working, so fuel and air are supplied, but the mixture is not compressed properly. In this case, normal combustion does not occur. A drop in compression occurs due to burnout of pistons or valves, severe wear piston rings and other defects of the BC, cylinder head or timing elements.
In this case, it is necessary to measure the compression in the engine, after which the unit is disassembled for detailed diagnostics and repair. In conclusion, I would like to add that the operation of an engine with an idle cylinder is prohibited, since driving with such a malfunction leads to a number of additional problems, which greatly complicates and makes subsequent repairs more expensive.
Almost every motorist faces sooner or later. As a rule, in certain situations, the motor trips to hot or only to cold, and tripping can also be observed constantly (regardless of the temperature of the power unit, operating mode, degree of load, etc.).
In short, engine tripping means that one or more cylinders are not working, and there may be several reasons for such a malfunction. In this article, we will talk about why the engine troit after warming up, how to diagnose a malfunction and what signs help to pinpoint the problem.
Read in this article
Motor troit hot: causes and common faults
Let's start with the main features. Often cold engine it starts up quite normally, but then it starts to triple after partial warming up or full reaching operating temperatures. In this case, tripling can occur both in idle mode and under load (when driving).
If the engine is turned off and allowed to cool, after restarting the power unit runs smoothly again, but the situation repeats with warming up. Let's look at the main causes of gasoline engine tripping and how to detect a malfunction.
- You should start by checking and. It is recommended to immediately carry out, check the condition of the injector and injectors.
In any case, incorrect readings or malfunctions of sensors (lambda probe, temperature sensor, etc.) and actuators can cause hot engine troit. on the basis of incorrect readings, it may well re-enrich the working fuel-air mixture and.
- Next, you need to move on to the spark plugs. At the initial stage, you should remove the candle high-voltage wires and unscrew the candles from. Next, a visual inspection of their contacts and insulators is carried out. Normally, candles should be dry, grayish in color,.
If the spark plug is wet and/or oily, then it is quite obvious that engine oil is getting into the combustion chamber in excess or the fuel is not burning in the cylinder. In any case, a wet spark plug will prevent the cylinder from working properly. We add that often both causes are often present simultaneously or are a consequence of each other.
In simple words, there is a lot of oil in the chamber, the electrodes are oily, there is no spark or the spark is very weak. If there is no or insufficient spark, the fuel does not burn or burns out partially, which adds another problem to the already existing lubrication. One way or another, it is important to check all the candles in order to understand whether such a phenomenon occurs in only one or immediately in all cylinders.
If all spark plugs are wet, check. When the level is elevated (often as a result), the oil pressure in the lubrication system exceeds the norm after the engine has warmed up, excess lubricant enters the combustion chamber and fouls the candles. The result is a weak spark.
At idle and low revs engine troit: possible reasons unstable operation of the power unit. Ways of self-diagnosis.
When various failures begin to appear in the operation of the engine, accompanied by uncharacteristic sounds, it does not immediately become clear where the strange noise came from and what it means. The engine is troit - this is the diagnosis that experts from the auto repair shop can make. To successfully get rid of tripping sounds, you need to follow the instructions.
general information
Engine internal combustion is a complex system that requires regular maintenance and repair. In the absence of such procedures increases the risk of failures and malfunctions in the operation of the unit:
There are a lot of reasons for such malfunctions, but tripling is one of the most common. The defect occurs in almost all types of power plants (diesel, gasoline), for any mileage, condition and other operating properties of the internal combustion engine.
And if the engine troit, but the driver does not take appropriate measures, this leads to irreversible consequences in the form of failure of the unit. To avoid this, it is important to eliminate the source of the problem in a timely manner.
In order for the engine to work properly, and the combustion of the fuel-air mixture to occur correctly, it is important to maintain its tightness. If leaks and damage to the CPG and timing appear, the gas distribution mechanism will begin to fail, which will increase the risk of complete depressurization. Loss of tightness occurs when the occurrence or deformation of the piston rings, piston, cylinders and other important components of the system. It also leads to the appearance of cracks or burnout of the timing valves.
To determine the malfunction, it is important to measure the compression in the cylinders. If the level has dropped in only one cylinder, then it is enough to pour a little engine oil into it with a syringe. After performing such a manipulation, you need to re-measure.
Main reasons
To fix the problem, you need to figure out why the engine is troiting. The reasons are often associated with a violation of the combustion process of the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders, which causes severe vibration. But the occurrence of vibrations is not always associated with tripping, because there may be other factors contributing to such symptoms. The reasons why the engine starts to triple include:
- Lack or excess fuel mixture which is fed into the cylinder.
- Too little or too much air.
- Failures causing early or late ignition.
- Damage, wear and other engine failures, accompanied by a loss of compression.
In most cases, tripping occurs when using the wrong fuel composition, untimely ignition, or the inability to ignite. This is also facilitated by incorrect combustion conditions due to mechanical damage or other malfunctions of the internal combustion engine.
Given these data, it is possible to significantly narrow the scope of the search and the number of devices for diagnosing. It is mandatory to check the fuel system and the injector, after which the intake air supply is assessed. In some cases, engine tripping occurs when one of the ECM sensors is damaged.
One of common problems causing tripling is late or early ignition. Also, the motor can triple with a weak spark of a candle, which is easy to fix on your own. First of all, you need to unscrew the candles and inspect them in detail. If there is damage to the insulator or other visual defects, you will have to replace the candle.
If the insulator is damaged, it will be visible to the naked eye, because the place of failure will be covered with a black coating. In addition, it is necessary to assess the condition of the central electrode and carefully examine the gap of the side element.
The next step is to check the spark plug wires. If episodic friction is noticed when driving in the rain or at high humidity, this unit may stop working normally. The power plant will need to be warmed up and put into normal operation.
You need to start work with a visual inspection of the spark plug cap and wires with maximum voltage. Such components are covered with an insulating layer, which dries out over time and begins to crack. As a result, this leads to current leakage.
High-voltage wires are subject to malfunctions during frequent repair or service activities under the hood. It is almost impossible to determine the defect visually, so you will have to contact a specialist for help.
If the candles and wires are fully functional, the ignition coil may be the cause of tripling. And if there are separately placed nodes in the engine, the phenomenon will spread to each candle. To check the coil, it is enough to unscrew the candle, attach it to the ground and start the engine. It is important to make sure that the thread of the candle fits snugly against the mass, and that the cap is securely fixed to the candle. If you do not follow the rules, the coil may burn out, and the switch may fail.
When a good spark appears with a bang, you will have to look for another reason for tripping. If there is no spark, the coil needs to be replaced. The electronic ignition distributor or switch is very rarely subject to breakdowns, so it is practically not necessary to replace it.
Incorrect air intake at the intake also leads to intense engine trebling. In this case, the risk of depressurization increases, due to which the power plant will suck in excess air, reducing overall power and stability.
To check the air system, you need to close the intake pipe near the air filter and start pumping air to provide the desired pressure (usually it is 0.5 atmospheres). Then you should start looking for the leak. If there is no pressure drop, then the system is fully operational. If there are hissing sounds in any place, the assembly will most likely need to be repaired.
As for the lack of supply air, then it is often caused by dirty filters, due to which it lost its bandwidth. They fix the problem very simply: first of all, you need to remove the filter, and then check how the engine works without it. In addition, the problem appears when the throttle valve is clogged. Such an element needs careful diagnostics and verification, so they must be performed at each scheduled inspection, along with the replacement of oil, filters and other working elements.
Often, a damaged TPS, DMRV or other sensor that sends the wrong signal to the engine leads to engine tripping. the electronic unit management. As a result, the last node cannot determine how open the damper is and how much air mass has entered the motor. As a result, the remaining components of the power plant are not able to correctly calculate the composition of the fuel-air mixture, which entails additional problems.
To make sure that the sensors are malfunctioning, it is necessary to check the operating mode of the scanner installed in the diagnostic socket, and then compare the obtained data with the nominal ones. Any deviations from the norm lead to the beginning of engine tripping.
Damage to the power system
If the engine started to triple, perhaps damage to the power system led to this. Checking it for faults it is important to familiarize yourself with the working properties:
- fuel pressure;
- suction intensity.
The first indicator is related to the functionality of the electric fuel pump, which is installed in the fuel tank of most modern cars. If the mesh filter becomes clogged with all sorts of debris, this causes malfunctions in the electric motor of the fuel pump or impairs the power supply to the device.
At the verification stage, it is also necessary to evaluate the condition of the regulator valve in the fuel rail. If the pressure is too low, tripping is inevitable.
After checking the previous nodes, you need to evaluate the condition of the injection nozzles. As you use vehicle they become clogged, reducing throughput and causing other failures. In addition, the nozzles can completely fail. To clean and test them, it is necessary to use a washing stand that pumps a special cleaning compound, as well as supplying power. The system simulates the operation of a working injector and evaluates the performance.
If the nozzle is not damaged, then in the closed state it should not leak. Besides injection system should open in time during the supply of an electrical impulse.
In the absence of problems with fuel pressure and injector operation, it remains to assess the condition of the computer. And although such an element very fails in rare cases, it is possible. The cause of the trouble is the replacement of the factory firmware or software chip tuning.
If the fuel card is flashed incorrectly, this will lead to such a nuisance that the electronic control unit will begin to pour fuel. Also inevitable problems in the form of flooding spark plugs.
If the engine compression readings have dropped significantly, this may be due to its wear. Often one or a pair of cylinders fails, as a result of which the compression of the fuel-air mixture occurs incorrectly. Because of this, normal combustion of fuel does not occur, and compression drops due to burnout of pistons and valves, wear of piston rings and other problems.
To fix the problem, you need to evaluate the compression in the motor, and then disassemble the unit for detailed diagnostics and repairs. In any case, the motorist must understand that it is strictly forbidden to start the engine with a faulty cylinder. If you ignore this rule, additional failures and problems are simply inevitable. The final repair of the system will require large financial costs and efforts.
The list of causes of engine tripping is very extensive. But in order to understand why the car is troiting and how to deal with it, it is important to separately consider the type of power plant (injector or carburetor), the specifics of the timing, the general condition of the engine, and others. If we are talking about problems with the carburetor engine, then it is possible that the problem can be eliminated by simply cleaning and tuning the carburetor.
For injection-type models, additional diagnostics, sensor restoration, nozzle cleaning and other service activities will be required. If problems with the internal combustion engine itself led to engine tripping, you will have to prepare for the mandatory disassembly of the engine for thorough diagnostics and repair.
In any case, if the engine starts to triple, this is a serious signal that diagnostics need to be performed. In this case, it is important to quickly determine the presence of a problem, as well as to choose effective method its elimination.
Hello, dear readers and subscribers of the blog! We all know how important the reliable operation of its power unit is for comfortable and confident movement by car. Without it, the car would have become an ordinary beautiful pile of iron. That's why I wrote a lot of articles about, and coolant. There is another unpleasant situation that almost every one of us must have faced. Troit the engine - what to do with it, and what are the reasons, we'll talk further.
You need to start with how to determine that the motor is not running on full power. This is noticeable especially well at idle, when instead of rhythmic sounds, intermittent coughing begins to be heard and strong vibration. We recommend that you immediately go for a diagnosis or try to identify the cause. on your own. The fact is that the “triple” syndrome reduces compression in the cylinders, conditions are created for the appearance of so-called “seizures” on the walls of pistons and cylinders. power unit in this mode it overheats more often. Do I need to talk about how sad this can lead to consequences?
Motor tripping is caused by a partial or complete malfunction of any of the cylinders. This is due to the deterioration of the combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The engine begins to vibrate sharply, as if it is about to break from its mounts. At the same time, muffler pops can be heard, which indicate that the fuel in the cylinders ignites too late.
We start by checking the candles
Most often, spark plugs act as provocateurs, although there are other more dangerous causes. We unscrew each of them and carefully examine with the naked eye. If they are functional, then their color will be from white to light brown. They do not have oil streaks, black soot and other symptoms. It is carbon deposits that are a signal that fuel is being re-enriched - as a result, the candle cannot ensure the normal process of spark formation in the cylinder.
The soot on the candles itself may be the result of reduced compression, disturbed valve timing. It can be caused by an injector whose nozzles are set incorrectly or a faulty oxygen sensor. All these points will have to pay close attention. You can check for spark by turning the starter. To do this, insert it into the tip of the high-voltage wire and turn the key to hot. If a spark is visible, Blue colour It means they're all right. If it is not there, or it is difficult to distinguish, you will have to change the candles.
Oh, this tripling - it torments someone, preventing them from moving normally on the roads, and someone makes good money on it. In fact, defeating engine tripping is often easier than it seems at first glance.
Prerequisites for engine tripping
What is engine tripping - this is a malfunction of the engine, which entails a partial or complete disruption of the operation of one or more cylinders. In other words, if the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder began to burn poorly, or stopped burning at all, this is tripling. It looks like a vibration appears in the operation of the engine and it is ready to jump out of its mounts, but the engine does not go. There may also be characteristic pops in the muffler, which are essentially flashes of fuel, that is, the mixture caught fire all the same, but did it too late. Troit the engine can both constantly and from time to time.
Causes of tripling
In fact, the reasons are banal:
- too much or too little fuel enters the cylinder
- too much or too little air in the cylinder
- the ignition spark passes too soon or too late
- too low compression, causing the fuel to run at the wrong pressure
Knowing these causes gives you grounds for looking for problems. First of all, it is necessary to check the ignition system and the air supply system. The following is a troubleshooting algorithm in the order in which it is necessary to look for a problem.
Ignition spark passes too soon or too late
You have to start with this. The most common cause tripling is precisely a weak or untimely spark. The causes of ignition failure are given below:
- Violation of the integrity of the candle insulator - a candle is a metal rod, an insulator around it and a mass that is located in the same place as the thread. The insulator is ceramic and may burst due to temperature differences or mechanical impact. The puncture site is usually sooty and is clearly visible. The cost of diagnostics is 0 rubles - just remove the cap from the insulator and inspect the candle from all sides.
- Violation of the integrity of the insulation of the cap of the candle or the insulation of the high-voltage wire - the insulation is made of rubber or silicone and it is quite easy to damage it mechanically. Also, the insulation dries up and breaks through it. It is quite easy to check - at night, pop the wires and caps from the sprayer for plants with plain water - if there are "lightning" or sparks, then there is a breakdown. The cost of diagnostics is 0 rubles. Usually, with this malfunction, the engine does not troit constantly, but rather in attacks, and more often in wet weather.
- Failure of ignition coils - this happens quite often, especially if the coils for each candle are installed separately. It's easy to check - remove the candle, lay it on the ground and start the engine. If there is a spark and it clicks, then everything is in order, otherwise the coil is not good. Attention! Carefully make sure that the thread of the candle lies very tightly to the mass, and that the contact of the candle with the cap is reliable. Otherwise, the ignition coil or switch may burn out. At correct verification, the cost of diagnostics is 0 rubles.
- The failure of the switch (electronic ignition distributor) is quite rare. You can check with the help of pulling out the caps and connecting them to candles well fixed on the mass. On command, the partner turns on the ignition and tries to start the engine, and you listen to whether all the candles give a spark, and whether this spark clicks for all the candles. The cost of diagnostics is juice to a partner.
- Failure of spark plugs - rolling a candle is quite difficult, but possible. If the central electrode of the spark plug has a lot of wear, then the gap increases greatly, and if there is a spark, it is very weak. You can check visual inspection candles. The cost of diagnostics is 0 rubles.
Too much or too little air in the cylinder
First you need to check the air supply system for leaks, as a result of which air leaks appeared. For tightness air system easy to check: close the intake pipe as close as possible to the air filter with something of a suitable size, for example, oil filter and through the vacuum hose we inflate the compressor with a pressure of about 0.5 - 0.7 atmospheres, and listen where the hiss is. If the pressure holds, then it’s good, if there is a hiss, there is a leak, through which excess air enters, and the engine is unable to cope with the problem and starts to triple.
Not enough air may be due to a clogged air filter, or a malfunction in the dampers of the air supply system. The throttle valve is checked first.
And it may also seem to the engine control unit that there is little air, or a lot of air, or in general that the damper is open to a different degree than it actually is. This is where engine diagnostics comes in. diagnostic cable. Only here it is necessary not only to count errors, but to look at the values of the sensors that go to the "brains" and compare them with the standard values. The engine will triple if the values of the air flow sensor, or the throttle position sensor, differ from the actual ones.
Too much or too little fuel enters the cylinder
Here the situation is very similar to air. The first thing to do is check the pressure in fuel system. It's not expensive, and it gives more than enough information. If the pressure is low, blame or fuel pump or fuel pressure valve. The pump may fail pressure reducing valve, or injection part. Due to low pressure, less fuel will flow than necessary, which will cause the engine to triple.
If the pressure is normal, it's time to sin on the nozzles - they may be dirty or out of order. The easiest way to check the injector is to connect it to a can of carburetor cleaner, and briefly connect the wires through the bulb to the battery terminal. That is, you will simulate a pulsed current supply to the nozzle, and the balloon simulates fuel pressure. If a nozzle leaks or fails to open, it should be replaced, although current nozzles can sometimes be revived on a flush stand. The nozzle can also pour fuel in a jet, and not spray - this is also a reason to at least try to rinse it.
Well, the engine control unit completes the fuel epic. It may seem to him that more fuel needs to be poured, and he will try to fulfill the plan, while filling in candles, while the engine will triple.
Too low compression
This is a sad point, because often little blood can not do, but in fairness it should be noted that the reason is not the most common. Low or no compression can result from burnt pistons, valves, or fatal wear on the piston wheels. The first two causes are more common in tripling.
The only effective way to find the causes of a drop in compression is to disassemble the engine and troubleshoot it. Usually such problems somehow lead the owner to.